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The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

O_h is the point group of symmetries of the octahedron having order 48 that includes inversion. It is also the symmetry group of the cube, cuboctahedron, and truncated ...

In elementary geometry, orthogonal is the same as perpendicular. Two lines or curves are orthogonal if they are perpendicular at their point of intersection. Two vectors v ...

A similar construction can be done by initially erecting a square internally on the side BC. This leads to the A^--inscribed square. The triangle DeltaX^-Y^-Z^- of centers of ...

Let A^' be the outermost vertex of the regular pentagon erected outward on side BC of a reference triangle DeltaABC. Similarly, define B^' and C^'. The triangle ...

The outer Vecten circle is the circumcircle of the outer Vecten triangle. It has center at Kimberling center X_(641), which is the complement of the outer Vecten point ...

An oval is a curve resembling a squashed circle but, unlike the ellipse, without a precise mathematical definition. The word oval derived from the Latin word "ovus" for egg. ...

The pedal curve of the parabola with parametric equations x = at^2 (1) y = 2at (2) with pedal point (x_0,y_0) is x_p = ((x_0-a)t^2+y_0t)/(t^2+1) (3) y_p = ...

An auxiliary latitude also called the reduced latitude and denoted eta or theta. It gives the latitude on a sphere of radius a for which the parallel has the same radius as ...

The set of all lines through a point. The term was first used by Desargues (Cremona 1960, p. x). The six angles of any pencils of four rays O{ABCD} are connected by the ...