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A parallel of a surface of revolution is the intersection of the surface with a plane orthogonal to the axis of revolution.

Surrogate data are artificially generated data which mimic statistical properties of real data. Isospectral surrogates have identical power spectra as real data but with ...

The space join of a topological space X and a pair of points S^0, Sigma(X)=X*S^0.

An irregular icosagon, also called the gammadion or fylfot, which symbolized good luck in ancient Arabic and Indian cultures. The mirror image of the above, sometimes called ...

The swastika curve is Cundy and Rollett's (1989, p. 71) name for the quartic plane curve with Cartesian equation y^4-x^4=xy and polar equation ...

The general function y(a,b,c,d)=csin{pi/(b-a)[((b-a)x/d+a)^2-a^2]}.

The minimal polynomial S_n(x) whose roots are sums and differences of the square roots of the first n primes, ...

Sylvester's criterion states that a matrix M is positive definite iff the determinants associated with all upper-left submatrices of M are positive.

Given a matrix A, let |A| denote its determinant. Then |A||A_(rs,pq)|=|A_(r,p)||A_(s,q)|-|A_(r,q)||A_(s,p)|, (1) where A_(u,w) is the submatrix of A formed by the ...

The numbers of eigenvalues that are positive, negative, or 0 do not change under a congruence transformation. Gradshteyn and Ryzhik (2000) state it as follows: when a ...