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The robustness of a given outcome to small changes in initial conditions or small random fluctuations. Chaos is an example of a process which is not stable.

The measurable space (S^',S^') into which a random variable from a probability space is a measurable function.

The value at a stationary point.

(Deltau)_i^2=(u_i-u^_)^2, where u^_ is the average of {u_i}.

The probability of getting a positive result for a given test which should produce a positive result.

The unit of solid angle. The solid angle corresponding to all of space being subtended is 4pi steradians.

Let the stick number s(K) of a knot K be the least number of straight sticks needed to make a knot K. The smallest stick number of any knot is s(T)=6, where T is the trefoil ...

A method of stochastic optimization including techniques such as gradient search or Robbins-Monro stochastic approximation.

A function f(t) of one or more parameters containing a noise term epsilon(t) f(t)=L(t)+epsilon(t), where the noise is (without loss of generality) assumed to be additive.

If 0<=g(x)<=1 and g is nonincreasing on the interval [0, 1], then for all possible values of a and b, int_0^1g(x^(1/(a+b)))dx>=int_0^1g(x^(1/a))dxint_0^1g(x^(1/b))dx.