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A minimum clique covering is a clique covering of minimum size, and the size of such a minimum clique covering is known as the clique covering number. Note that while a ...

Let the greatest term H of a sequence be a term which is greater than all but a finite number of the terms which are equal to H. Then H is called the upper limit of the ...

Let P(N) denote the number of primes of the form n^2+1 for 1<=n<=N, then P(N)∼0.68641li(N), (1) where li(N) is the logarithmic integral (Shanks 1960, pp. 321-332). Let Q(N) ...

Take any positive integer of two digits or more, reverse the digits, and add to the original number. This is the operation of the reverse-then-add sequence. Now repeat the ...

Rational numbers are countable, so an order can be placed on them just like the natural numbers. Although such an ordering is not obvious (nor unique), one such ordering can ...

A Fermat prime is a Fermat number F_n=2^(2^n)+1 that is prime. Fermat primes are therefore near-square primes. Fermat conjectured in 1650 that every Fermat number is prime ...

A measure lambda is absolutely continuous with respect to another measure mu if lambda(E)=0 for every set with mu(E)=0. This makes sense as long as mu is a positive measure, ...

If A is a normed algebra, a net {e_i} in A is called an approximate identity for A if sup_(i)|e_i|<infty and if for each a in A, e_ia->a and ae_i->a. Though this definition ...

The surface which is the inverse of the ellipsoid in the sense that it "goes in" where the ellipsoid "goes out." It is given by the parametric equations x = acos^3ucos^3v (1) ...

A bilinear form on a real vector space is a function b:V×V->R that satisfies the following axioms for any scalar alpha and any choice of vectors v,w,v_1,v_2,w_1, and w_2. 1. ...