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n divides a^n-a for all integers a iff n is squarefree and (p-1)|(n-1) for all prime divisors p of n. Carmichael numbers satisfy this criterion.

The characteristic escape rate from a stable state of a potential in the absence of signal.

Krasner's lemma states that if K a complete field with valuation v, K^_ is a fixed algebraic closure of K together with the canonical extension of v, and K^_^^ is its ...

The Krohn-Rhodes complexity, also called the group complexity or simply "the complexity," of a finite semigroup S is the smallest number of groups in a wreath product of ...

Any finite semigroup is a divisor for an alternating wreath product of finite groups and semigroups.

Krohn-Rhodes theory is a mathematical approach that seeks to decompose finite semigroups in terms of finite aperiodic semigroups and finite groups.

Numbers 1, alpha_1, ..., alpha_L are rationally independent iff under the action of rotation rho_(alpha_1)×...×rho_(alpha_L) on the L-dimensional torus, every orbit is ...

The Kronecker sum is the matrix sum defined by A direct sum B=A tensor I_b+I_a tensor B, (1) where A and B are square matrices of order a and b, respectively, I_n is the ...

A polynomial factorization algorithm that proceeds by considering the vector of coefficients of a polynomial P, calculating b_i=P(i)/a_i, constructing the Lagrange ...

An algebraically soluble equation of odd prime degree which is irreducible in the natural field possesses either 1. Only a single real root, or 2. All real roots.