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There exist numbers y_1<y_2<...<y_(n-1), a<y_(n-1), y_(n-1)<b, such that lambda_nu=alpha(y_nu)-alpha(y_(nu-1)), (1) where nu=1, 2, ..., n, y_0=a and y_n=b. Furthermore, the ...

Every dense linear order complete set without endpoints having at most omega disjoint intervals is order isomorphic to the continuum of real numbers, where omega is the set ...

A quantity (such as a statistical median, quartile deviation, etc.), which is calculated from observed data.

Let n be an elliptic pseudoprime associated with (E,P), and let n+1=2^sk with k odd and s>=0. Then n is a strong elliptic pseudoprime when either kP=0 (mod n) or 2^rkP=0 (mod ...

An extension field of a field F that is not algebraic over F, i.e., an extension field that has at least one element that is transcendental over F. For example, the field of ...

1 uncia=1/(12). The word uncia was Latin for a unit equal to 1/12 of another unit called the as. The words "inch" (1/12 of a foot) and "ounce" (originally 1/12 of a pound and ...

Let (K,|·|) be a valuated field. The valuation group G is defined to be the set G={|x|:x in K,x!=0}, with the group operation being multiplication. It is a subgroup of the ...

Let p be an irregular prime, and let P=rp+1 be a prime with P<p^2-p. Also let t be an integer such that t^3≢1 (mod P). For an irregular pair (p,2k), form the product ...

An infinite sequence of positive integers a_i satisfying 1<=a_1<a_2<a_3<... (1) is an A-sequence if no a_k is the sum of two or more distinct earlier terms (Guy 1994). Such ...

The AC method is an algorithm for factoring quadratic polynomials of the form p(x)=Ax^2+Bx+C with integer coefficients. As its name suggests, the crux of the algorithm is to ...