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The minimum excluded value. The mex of a set S of nonnegative integers is the least nonnegative integer not in the set.

Multi-index notation is used to shorten expressions that contain many indices. Let x in R^n and write x=(x_1,...,x_n). A multi-index alpha is an n-tuple of integers alpha_j ...

A multidimensional polylogarithm is a generalization of the usual polylogarithm to L_(a_1,...,a_m)(z)=sum_(n_1>...>n_m>0)(z^(n_1))/(n_1^(a_1)...n_m^(a_m)) with positive ...

If m is an integer, then for every residue class r (mod m), there are infinitely many nonnegative integers n for which P(n)=r (mod m), where P(n) is the partition function P.

The set of nilpotent elements in a commutative ring is an ideal, and it is called the nilradical. Another equivalent description is that it is the intersection of the prime ...

A knot obtained from a tangle which can be represented by a finite sequence of integers.

An ideal I of a ring R is called principal if there is an element a of R such that I=aR={ar:r in R}. In other words, the ideal is generated by the element a. For example, the ...

Let D be a subset of the nonnegative integers Z^* with the properties that (1) the integer 0 is in D and (2) any time that the interval [0,n] is contained in D, one can show ...

Let D be a subset of the nonnegative integers Z^* with the properties that (1) the integer 0 is in D and (2) any time that n is in D, one can show that n+1 is also in D. ...

A congruence of the form ax^2+bx+c=0 (mod m), (1) where a, b, and c are integers. A general quadratic congruence can be reduced to the congruence x^2=q (mod p) (2) and can be ...