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A phase curve is a plot of the solution to a set of equations of motion in a phase plane (or more generally, a phase space) as a function of time (Tabor 1989, p. 14). Phase ...

A phase portrait is a plot of multiple phase curves corresponding to different initial conditions in the same phase plane (Tabor 1989, p. 14). Phase portraits for simple ...

A plane figure or solid compound consisting of multiple connected copies of a given base shape. For example, affixing n equal squares gives an n-polyomino, while affixing n ...

A triangle with rows containing the numbers {1,2,...,n} that begins with 1, ends with n, and such that the sum of each two consecutive entries being a prime. Rows 2 to 6 are ...

The principal value of an analytic multivalued function is the single value chosen by convention to be returned for a given argument. Complex multivalued functions have ...

A quotient of two polynomials P(z) and Q(z), R(z)=(P(z))/(Q(z)), is called a rational function, or sometimes a rational polynomial function. More generally, if P and Q are ...

A K-rational point is a point (X,Y) on an algebraic curve f(X,Y)=0, where X and Y are in a field K. For example, rational point in the field Q of ordinary rational numbers is ...

A method for fitting a curve (not necessarily a straight line) through a set of points using some goodness-of-fit criterion. The most common type of regression is linear ...

An analytic function f(z) whose Laurent series is given by f(z)=sum_(n=-infty)^inftya_n(z-z_0)^n, (1) can be integrated term by term using a closed contour gamma encircling ...

Two families of equations used to find roots of nonlinear functions of a single variable. The "B" family is more robust and can be used in the neighborhood of degenerate ...