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A multivariate is a vector each of whose elements is a variate. The variates need not be independent, and if they are not, a correlation is said to exist between them. The ...

Given a random variable X with continuous and strictly monotonic probability density function f(X), a quantile function Q_f assigns to each probability p attained by f the ...

In the algebraic geometry of Grothendieck, a stack refers to a sheaf of categories. In particular, a stack is a presheaf of categories in which the following descent ...

A number n is called amenable if it can be built up from integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_k by either addition or multiplication such that sum_(i=1)^na_i=product_(i=1)^na_i=n (1) ...

The number of ways of picking k unordered outcomes from n possibilities. Also known as the binomial coefficient or choice number and read "n choose k," _nC_k=(n; ...

Based on a problem in particle physics, Dyson (1962abc) conjectured that the constant term in the Laurent series product_(1<=i!=j<=n)(1-(x_i)/(x_j))^(a_i) is the multinomial ...

G_(ab)=R_(ab)-1/2Rg_(ab), where R_(ab) is the Ricci curvature tensor, R is the scalar curvature, and g_(ab) is the metric tensor. (Wald 1984, pp. 40-41). It satisfies ...

C_2×C_4 is one of the three Abelian groups of group order 8 (the other two being non-Abelian). Examples include the modulo multiplication groups M_(15), M_(16), M_(20), and ...

Given a decimal-valued floating-point operation in the IEEE 754-2008 standard, the preferred exponent is the value of the exponent q which preserves the quantum of the ...

An integer d is a fundamental discriminant if it is not equal to 1, not divisible by any square of any odd prime, and satisfies d=1 (mod 4) or d=8,12 (mod 16). The function ...