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A group of three elements, also called a triad. A triple is therefore a 3-tuple.

A (p,q)-graph is edge-graceful if the edges can be labeled 1 through q in such a way that the labels induced on the vertices by summing over incident edges modulo p are ...

The Jacobi symbol, written (n/m) or (n/m) is defined for positive odd m as (n/m)=(n/(p_1))^(a_1)(n/(p_2))^(a_2)...(n/(p_k))^(a_k), (1) where m=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2)...p_k^(a_k) ...

Let pi_(m,n)(x) denote the number of primes <=x which are congruent to n modulo m (i.e., the modular prime counting function). Then one might expect that ...

The pseudosquare L_p modulo the odd prime p is the least nonsquare positive integer that is congruent to 1 (mod 8) and for which the Legendre symbol (L_p/q)=1 for all odd ...

If a compact manifold M has nonnegative Ricci curvature tensor, then its fundamental group has at most polynomial growth. On the other hand, if M has negative curvature, then ...

A point group is a group of symmetry operations which all leave at least one point unmoved. Although an isolated object may have an arbitrary Schönflies symbol, the ...

A "split" extension G of groups N and F which contains a subgroup F^_ isomorphic to F with G=F^_N^_ and F^_ intersection N^_={e} (Ito 1987, p. 710). Then the semidirect ...

In an additive group G, the additive inverse of an element a is the element a^' such that a+a^'=a^'+a=0, where 0 is the additive identity of G. Usually, the additive inverse ...

An orbifold is the object obtained by identifying any two points of a map which are equivalent under some symmetry of the map's group.