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In mathematics, the term "collection" is generally used to mean a multiset, i.e., a set in which order is ignored but multiplicity is significant.

If a function phi is harmonic in a sphere, then the value of phi at the center of the sphere is the arithmetic mean of its value on the surface.

The mean square deviation of the best local fit straight line to a staircase cumulative spectral density over a normalized energy scale.

A confidence interval is an interval in which a measurement or trial falls corresponding to a given probability. Usually, the confidence interval of interest is symmetrically ...

A curvature of a submanifold of a manifold which depends on its particular embedding. Examples of extrinsic curvature include the curvature and torsion of curves in ...

The integral 1/(2pi(n+1))int_(-pi)^pif(x){(sin[1/2(n+1)x])/(sin(1/2x))}^2dx which gives the nth Cesàro mean of the Fourier series of f(x).

The Gini coefficient (or Gini ratio) G is a summary statistic of the Lorenz curve and a measure of inequality in a population. The Gini coefficient is most easily calculated ...

The sample variance m_2 (commonly written s^2 or sometimes s_N^2) is the second sample central moment and is defined by m_2=1/Nsum_(i=1)^N(x_i-m)^2, (1) where m=x^_ the ...

The Brent-Salamin formula, also called the Gauss-Salamin formula or Salamin formula, is a formula that uses the arithmetic-geometric mean to compute pi. It has quadratic ...

"Much greater" is used to indicate a strong inequality in which a is not only greater than b, but much greater (by some convention), is denoted a>>b. For an astronomer, ...