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Two matrices A and B are said to be equal iff a_(ij)=b_(ij) (1) for all i,j. Therefore, [1 2; 3 4]=[1 2; 3 4], (2) while [1 2; 3 4]!=[0 2; 3 4]. (3)

Given a system of two ordinary differential equations x^. = f(x,y) (1) y^. = g(x,y), (2) let x_0 and y_0 denote fixed points with x^.=y^.=0, so f(x_0,y_0) = 0 (3) g(x_0,y_0) ...

A patch (also called a local surface) is a differentiable mapping x:U->R^n, where U is an open subset of R^2. More generally, if A is any subset of R^2, then a map x:A->R^n ...

The characteristic polynomial is the polynomial left-hand side of the characteristic equation det(A-lambdaI)=0, (1) where A is a square matrix and I is the identity matrix of ...

The numerators and denominators obtained by taking the ratios of adjacent terms in the triangular array of the number of +1 "bordered" alternating sign matrices A_n with a 1 ...

A p×q submatrix of an m×n matrix (with p<=m, q<=n) is a p×q matrix formed by taking a block of the entries of this size from the original matrix.

A tensor t is said to satisfy the double contraction relation when t_(ij)^m^_t_(ij)^n=delta_(mn). (1) This equation is satisfied by t^^^0 = (2z^^z^^-x^^x^^-y^^y^^)/(sqrt(6)) ...

Let a chord of constant length be slid around a smooth, closed, convex curve C, and choose a point on the chord which divides it into segments of lengths p and q. This point ...

If a matrix group is reducible, then it is completely reducible, i.e., if the matrix group is equivalent to the matrix group in which every matrix has the reduced form ...

If g is a Lie algebra, then a subspace a of g is said to be a Lie subalgebra if it is closed under the Lie bracket. That is, a is a Lie subalgebra of g if for all x,y in a, ...