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The definite integral int_a^bx^ndx={(b^(n+1)-a^(n+1))/(n+1) for n!=1; ln(b/a) for n=-1, (1) where a, b, and x are real numbers and lnx is the natural logarithm.

The Mercator series, also called the Newton-Mercator series (Havil 2003, p. 33), is the Taylor series for the natural logarithm ln(1+x) = sum_(k=1)^(infty)((-1)^(k+1))/kx^k ...

If a matrix group is reducible, then it is completely reducible, i.e., if the matrix group is equivalent to the matrix group in which every matrix has the reduced form ...

Down arrow notation is an inverse of the Knuth up-arrow notation defined by evn = lnn (1) evvn = ln^*n (2) evvvn = ln^(**)n, (3) where ln^*n is the number of times the ...

A square matrix A is said to be unipotent if A-I, where I is an identity matrix is a nilpotent matrix (defined by the property that A^n is the zero matrix for some positive ...

For all integers n and |x|<a, lambda_n^((t))(x+a)=sum_(k=0)^infty|_n; k]lambda_(n-k)^((t))(a)x^k, where lambda_n^((t)) is the harmonic logarithm and |_n; k] is a Roman ...

Every complex matrix A can be broken into a Hermitian part A_H=1/2(A+A^(H)) (i.e., A_H is a Hermitian matrix) and an antihermitian part A_(AH)=1/2(A-A^(H)) (i.e., A_(AH) is ...

Every complex matrix can be broken into a Hermitian part A_H=1/2(A+A^(H)) (i.e., A_H is a Hermitian matrix) and an antihermitian part A_(AH)=1/2(A-A^(H)) (i.e., A_(AH) is an ...

The Sombor index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its Sombor matrix.

Let P be a matrix of eigenvectors of a given square matrix A and D be a diagonal matrix with the corresponding eigenvalues on the diagonal. Then, as long as P is a square ...