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A point process N is called self-correcting if cov(N(s,t),N(t,u))<0 for s<t<u where here, cov denotes the covariance of the two quantities. Intuitively, a process is ...

A mathematical object defined for a set and a binary operator in which the multiplication operation is associative. No other restrictions are placed on a semigroup; thus a ...

A sinusoidal spiral is a curve of the form r^n=a^ncos(ntheta), (1) with n rational, which is not a true spiral. Sinusoidal spirals were first studied by Maclaurin. Special ...

A standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with zero mean (mu=0) and unit variance (sigma^2=1), given by the probability density function and distribution ...

Polynomials S_k(x) which form the Sheffer sequence for g(t) = e^(-t) (1) f^(-1)(t) = ln(1/(1-e^(-t))), (2) where f^(-1)(t) is the inverse function of f(t), and have ...

A Størmer number is a positive integer n for which the greatest prime factor p of n^2+1 is at least 2n. Every Gregory number t_x can be expressed uniquely as a sum of t_ns ...

A second-order ordinary differential equation d/(dx)[p(x)(dy)/(dx)]+[lambdaw(x)-q(x)]y=0, where lambda is a constant and w(x) is a known function called either the density or ...

A subset of an algebraic variety which is itself a variety. Every variety is a subvariety of itself; other subvarieties are called proper subvarieties. A sphere of the ...

A characterization of normal spaces with respect to the definition given by Kelley (1955, p. 112) or Willard (1970, p. 99). It states that the topological space X is normal ...

A ring defined on a singleton set {*}. The ring operations (multiplication and addition) are defined in the only possible way, *·*=*, (1) and *+*=*. (2) It follows that this ...