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The l^2-norm (also written "l^2-norm") |x| is a vector norm defined for a complex vector x=[x_1; x_2; |; x_n] (1) by |x|=sqrt(sum_(k=1)^n|x_k|^2), (2) where |x_k| on the ...

A Lie group is a group with the structure of a manifold. Therefore, discrete groups do not count. However, the most useful Lie groups are defined as subgroups of some matrix ...

The commutator series of a Lie algebra g, sometimes called the derived series, is the sequence of subalgebras recursively defined by g^(k+1)=[g^k,g^k], (1) with g^0=g. The ...

The lower central series of a Lie algebra g is the sequence of subalgebras recursively defined by g_(k+1)=[g,g_k], (1) with g_0=g. The sequence of subspaces is always ...

The MacBeath circumconic is the dual conic to the MacBeath inconic, introduced in Dec. 2004 by P. Moses (Kimberling). It has circumconic parameters x:y:z=cosA:cosB:cosC, (1) ...

The mean tangent diameter of a solid, also known as the mean caliper diameter, is the caliper dimension obtained by averaging over all orientations.

A statement about theorems. It usually gives a criterion for getting a new theorem from an old one, either by changing its objects according to a rule (duality principle), or ...

There are four fixed points (mod 1) of Minkowski's question mark function ?(x), namely x=0, 1/2, f and 1-f, where f<1/2 is a constant known as the Minkowski-Bower constant ...

The length of all composition series of a module M. According to the Jordan-Hölder theorem for modules, if M has any composition series, then all such series are equivalent. ...

A monotone triangle (also called a strict Gelfand pattern or a gog triangle) of order n is a number triangle with n numbers along each side and the base containing entries ...