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Conway triangle notation defines S=2Delta (1) where Delta is the area of a reference triangle, and S_phi=Scotphi. (2) This gives the special cases S_A = 1/2(-a^2+b^2+c^2) (3) ...

The dual vector space to a real vector space V is the vector space of linear functions f:V->R, denoted V^*. In the dual of a complex vector space, the linear functions take ...

The Einstein field equations are the 16 coupled hyperbolic-elliptic nonlinear partial differential equations that describe the gravitational effects produced by a given mass ...

Eisenstein's irreducibility criterion is a sufficient condition assuring that an integer polynomial p(x) is irreducible in the polynomial ring Q[x]. The polynomial ...

There are two camps of thought on the meaning of general recursive function. One camp considers general recursive functions to be equivalent to the usual recursive functions. ...

The Jackson-Slater identity is the q-series identity of Rogers-Ramanujan-type given by sum_(k=0)^(infty)(q^(2k^2))/((q)_(2k)) = ...

A linear system of equations is a set of n linear equations in k variables (sometimes called "unknowns"). Linear systems can be represented in matrix form as the matrix ...

A principal ideal domain is an integral domain in which every proper ideal can be generated by a single element. The term "principal ideal domain" is often abbreviated P.I.D. ...

A real normed algebra, also called a composition algebra, is a multiplication * on R^n that respects the length of vectors, i.e., |x*y|=|x|*|y| for x,y in R^n. The only real ...

Rodrigues' rotation formula gives an efficient method for computing the rotation matrix R in SO(3) corresponding to a rotation by an angle theta about a fixed axis specified ...