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A knot invariant in the form of a polynomial such as the Alexander polynomial, BLM/Ho Polynomial, bracket polynomial, Conway polynomial, HOMFLY polynomial, Jones polynomial, ...

If an analytic function has a single simple pole at the radius of convergence of its power series, then the ratio of the coefficients of its power series converges to that ...

The complexity of a pattern parameterized as the shortest algorithm required to reproduce it. Also known as bit complexity.

Let Q_i denote anything subject to weighting by a normalized linear scheme of weights that sum to unity in a set W. The Kolmogorov axioms state that 1. For every Q_i in W, ...

n divides a^n-a for all integers a iff n is squarefree and (p-1)|(n-1) for all prime divisors p of n. Carmichael numbers satisfy this criterion.

The partial differential equation P_t=P_(xx)-uP_x+partial/(partialx){[u-F(x)]P}.

The characteristic escape rate from a stable state of a potential in the absence of signal.

The symbol defined by c^(a/b) = c(c+b)(c+2b)...[c+(a-1)b] (1) = b^a(c/b)_a (2) = (b^aGamma(a+c/b))/(Gamma(c/b)), (3) where (a)_n is the Pochhammer symbol and Gamma(z) is the ...

The Kronecker sum is the matrix sum defined by A direct sum B=A tensor I_b+I_a tensor B, (1) where A and B are square matrices of order a and b, respectively, I_n is the ...

A polynomial factorization algorithm that proceeds by considering the vector of coefficients of a polynomial P, calculating b_i=P(i)/a_i, constructing the Lagrange ...