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kappa(d)={(2lneta(d))/(sqrt(d)) for d>0; (2pi)/(w(d)sqrt(|d|)) for d<0, (1) where eta(d) is the fundamental unit and w(d) is the number of substitutions which leave the ...

A.k.a. the pigeonhole principle. Given n boxes and m>n objects, at least one box must contain more than one object. This statement has important applications in number theory ...

The discrete uniform distribution is also known as the "equally likely outcomes" distribution. Letting a set S have N elements, each of them having the same probability, then ...

A statement is in disjunctive normal form if it is a disjunction (sequence of ORs) consisting of one or more disjuncts, each of which is a conjunction (AND) of one or more ...

A coordinate system defined by the transformation equations x = a/Lambdacnmucnnucospsi (1) y = a/Lambdacnmucnnusinpsi (2) z = a/Lambdasnmudnmusnnudnnu, (3) where ...

To generate random points over the unit disk, it is incorrect to use two uniformly distributed variables r in [0,1] and theta in [0,2pi) and then take x = rcostheta (1) y = ...

Let J_nu(z) be a Bessel function of the first kind, Y_nu(z) a Bessel function of the second kind, and K_nu(z) a modified Bessel function of the first kind. Also let R[z]>0 ...

The dodecahedron-icosahedron compound is a polyhedron compound consisting of a dodecahedron and its dual the icosahedron. In the compound, the dodecahedron and icosahedron ...

An fairly good numerical integration technique. The method is also available in the Wolfram Language using the option Method -> DoubleExponential to NIntegrate.

A double factorial prime is a prime number of the form n!!+/-1, where n!! is a double factorial. n!!-1 is prime for n=3, 4, 6, 8, 16, 26, 64, 82, 90, 118, 194, 214, 728, ... ...