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Let X be a set of urelements, and let V(X) be the superstructure with X as its set of individuals. Let kappa be a cardinal number. An enlargement V(^*X) is kappa-saturated ...

The scalar triple product of three vectors A, B, and C is denoted [A,B,C] and defined by [A,B,C] = A·(BxC) (1) = B·(CxA) (2) = C·(AxB) (3) = det(ABC) (4) = |A_1 A_2 A_3; B_1 ...

A semicubical parabola is a curve of the form y=+/-ax^(3/2) (1) (i.e., it is half a cubic, and hence has power 3/2). It has parametric equations x = t^2 (2) y = at^3, (3) and ...

Set theory is the mathematical theory of sets. Set theory is closely associated with the branch of mathematics known as logic. There are a number of different versions of set ...

A process of successively crossing out members of a list according to a set of rules such that only some remain. The best known sieve is the sieve of Eratosthenes for ...

In discrete percolation theory, site percolation is a percolation model on a regular point lattice L=L^d in d-dimensional Euclidean space which considers the lattice vertices ...

The space groups in two dimensions are called wallpaper groups. In three dimensions, the space groups are the symmetry groups possible in a crystal lattice with the ...

The Spearman rank correlation coefficient, also known as Spearman's rho, is a nonparametric (distribution-free) rank statistic proposed by Spearman in 1904 as a measure of ...

A spherical segment is the solid defined by cutting a sphere with a pair of parallel planes. It can be thought of as a spherical cap with the top truncated, and so it ...

In a rectangular room (a cuboid) with dimensions 30^'×12^'×12^', a spider is located in the middle of one 12^'×12^' wall one foot away from the ceiling. A fly is in the ...