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A magic square that remains magic when its border is removed. A nested magic square remains magic after the border is successively removed one ring at a time. An example of a ...

The term Borel hierarchy is used to describe a collection of subsets of R defined inductively as follows: Level one consists of all open and closed subsets of R, and upon ...

A set S in a metric space (S,d) is bounded if it has a finite generalized diameter, i.e., there is an R<infty such that d(x,y)<=R for all x,y in S. A set in R^n is bounded ...

The function defined by the contour integral J_(n,k)(z) =1/(2pii)int^((0+))t^(-n-1)(t+1/t)^kexp[1/2z(t-1/t)]dt, where int_((0+)) denotes the contour encircling the point z=0 ...

One of the symbols { and } used in many different contexts in mathematics. Braces are used 1. To denote grouping of mathematical terms, usually as the outermost delimiter in ...

For a general quadrilateral with sides of length a, b, c, and d, the area K is given by (1) where s=1/2(a+b+c+d) (2) is the semiperimeter, A is the angle between a and d, and ...

Brent's method is a root-finding algorithm which combines root bracketing, bisection, and inverse quadratic interpolation. It is sometimes known as the van ...

The least number of unknotted arcs lying above the plane in any projection. The knot 05-002 has bridge number 2. Such knots are called 2-bridge knots. There is a one-to-one ...

An ordinary differential equation of the form x^my^'=f(x,y), where m is a positive integer, f is analytic at x=y=0, f(0,0)=0, and f_y^'(0,0)!=0. Zwillinger (1997, p. 120), ...

In the theory of transfinite ordinal numbers, 1. Every well ordered set has a unique ordinal number, 2. Every segment of ordinals (i.e., any set of ordinals arranged in ...