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A test for determining the probability that a given result could not have occurred by chance (its significance).

A curve similar to the sine function but possibly shifted in phase, period, amplitude, or any combination thereof. The general sinusoid of amplitude a, angular frequency ...

Even though real arithmetic is uncountable, it possesses a countable "model."

Let P(1/x) be a linear functional acting according to the formula <P(1/x),phi> = Pint(phi(x))/xdx (1) = ...

A surface harmonic of degree l which is premultiplied by a factor r^l. Confusingly, solid harmonics are also known as "spherical harmonics" (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. ...

How can n points be distributed on a unit sphere such that they maximize the minimum distance between any pair of points? This maximum distance is called the covering radius, ...

A closed geometric figure on the surface of a sphere which is formed by the arcs of great circles. The spherical polygon is a generalization of the spherical triangle. If ...

A polynomial which is not necessarily an invariant of a link. It is related to the dichroic polynomial. It is defined by the skein relationship ...

The areas of the regions illustrated above can be found from the equations A+4B+4C=1 (1) A+3B+2C=1/4pi. (2) Since we want to solve for three variables, we need a third ...

An expression built up from statements letters by appropriate application of connectives (Mendelson 1997, p. 13).