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A theory which satisfies all the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms with the possible exception of the long exact sequence of a pair axiom, as well as a certain additional continuity ...

An algebraic identity is a mathematical identity involving algebraic functions. Examples include the Euler four-square identity, Fibonacci identity, Lebesgue identity, and ...

A technical mathematical object which bears the same resemblance to binary relations as categories do to functions and sets.

A property of X is said to hold almost everywhere if the set of points in X where this property fails is contained in a set that has measure zero.

A cryptarithmetic in which the letters used to represent distinct digits are derived from related words or meaningful phrases. The term was coined by Hunter in 1955 (Madachy ...

Also known as the Leibniz criterion. An alternating series converges if a_1>=a_2>=... and lim_(k->infty)a_k=0.

The term used in propositional calculus for the NAND connective. The notation A|B is used for this connective, a most unfortunate choice in light of modern usage of A|B or ...

An ansatz is an assumed form for a mathematical statement that is not based on any underlying theory or principle. An example from physics is the Bethe Ansatz (Müller).

A number which can be represented both in the form x_0^2-Dy_0^2 and in the form Dx_1^2-y_1^2. This is only possible when the Pell equation x^2-Dy^2=-1 (1) is solvable. Then ...

A homographic transformation x_1 = (ax+by+c)/(a^('')x+b^('')y+c^('')) (1) y_1 = (a^'x+b^'y+c^')/(a^('')x+b^('')y+c^('')) (2) with t_1 substituted for t according to ...