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If one solution (y_1) to a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+P(x)y^'+Q(x)y=0 (1) is known, the other (y_2) may be found using the so-called reduction of ...

One of the beautiful arrangements of circles found at the Temple of Osiris at Abydos, Egypt (Rawles 1997). The pattern also appears in Italian art from the 13th century ...

An orientable surface with one boundary component such that the boundary component of the surface is a given knot K. In 1934, Seifert proved that such a surface can be ...

Consider a second-order differential operator L^~u(x)=p_0(d^2u)/(dx^2)+p_1(du)/(dx)+p_2u, (1) where u=u(x) and p_i=p_i(x) are real functions of x on the region of interest ...

A mathematical object defined for a set and a binary operator in which the multiplication operation is associative. No other restrictions are placed on a semigroup; thus a ...

A semimagic square is a square that fails to be a magic square only because one or both of the main diagonal sums do not equal the magic constant (Kraitchik 1942, p. 143). ...

A separating family is a set of subsets in which each pair of adjacent elements are found separated, each in one of two disjoint subsets. The 26 letters of the alphabet can ...

The general sextic equation x^6+a_5x^5+a_4x^4+a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0=0 can be solved in terms of Kampé de Fériet functions, and a restricted class of sextics can be solved in ...

Let delta=z>=z_(observed). A value 0<=alpha<=1 such that P(delta)<=alpha is considered "significant" (i.e., is not simply due to chance) is known as an alpha value. The ...

The silver ratio is the quantity defined by the continued fraction delta_S = [2,2,2,...] (1) = 2+1/(2+1/(2+1/(2+...))) (2) (Wall 1948, p. 24). It follows that ...