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A discriminant is a quantity (usually invariant under certain classes of transformations) which characterizes certain properties of a quantity's roots. The concept of the ...

A quantity used to test nested hypotheses. Let H^' be a nested hypothesis with n^' degrees of freedom within H (which has n degrees of freedom), then calculate the maximum ...

If p is a prime number and a is a natural number, then a^p=a (mod p). (1) Furthermore, if pa (p does not divide a), then there exists some smallest exponent d such that ...

For discrete problems in which no efficient solution method is known, it might be necessary to test each possibility sequentially in order to determine if it is the solution. ...

The Fermat number F_n is prime iff 3^(2^(2^n-1))=-1 (mod F_n).

MANOVA ("multiple analysis of variance") is a procedure for testing the equality of mean vectors of more than two populations. The technique is analogous to ANOVA for ...

A Bland-Altman plot is a data plotting method which simultaneously presents data sets from two different tests in a way that allows for easier determination of whether the ...

The Griewank function is a function widely used to test the convergence of optimization functions. The Griewank function of order n is defined by ...

Let P(1/x) be a linear functional acting according to the formula <P(1/x),phi> = Pint(phi(x))/xdx (1) = ...

A surface given by the parametric equations x(u,v) = u (1) y(u,v) = v (2) z(u,v) = 1/3u^3+uv^2+2(u^2-v^2). (3) The handkerchief surface has stationary points summarized in ...