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A problem is NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be translated into one for solving any NP-problem (nondeterministic polynomial time) problem. NP-hard therefore means ...

A negative definite matrix is a Hermitian matrix all of whose eigenvalues are negative. A matrix m may be tested to determine if it is negative definite in the Wolfram ...

A negative semidefinite matrix is a Hermitian matrix all of whose eigenvalues are nonpositive. A matrix m may be tested to determine if it is negative semidefinite in the ...

If there exists a critical region C of size alpha and a nonnegative constant k such that (product_(i=1)^(n)f(x_i|theta_1))/(product_(i=1)^(n)f(x_i|theta_0))>=k for points in ...

There are two equivalent definitions for a nilpotent matrix. 1. A square matrix whose eigenvalues are all 0. 2. A square matrix A such that A^n is the zero matrix 0 for some ...

A function f(n) has the normal order F(n) if f(n) is approximately F(n) for almost all values of n. More precisely, if (1-epsilon)F(n)<f(n)<(1+epsilon)F(n) for every positive ...

The study of numbers for the supposed purpose of predicting future events or seeking connections with the occult.

The theory and applications of Laplace transforms and other integral transforms.

The oriented matroid of a finite configuration of points extracts relative position and orientation information from the configuration. An oriented matroid can be described ...

An orthogonal array OA(k,s) is a k×s^2 array with entries taken from an s-set S having the property that in any two rows, each ordered pair of symbols from S occurs exactly ...