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If any set of points is displaced by X^idx_i where all distance relationships are unchanged (i.e., there is an isometry), then the vector field is called a Killing vector. ...

The Klein-Beltrami model of hyperbolic geometry consists of an open disk in the Euclidean plane whose open chords correspond to hyperbolic lines. Two lines l and m are then ...

The simplest interpretation of the Kronecker delta is as the discrete version of the delta function defined by delta_(ij)={0 for i!=j; 1 for i=j. (1) The Kronecker delta is ...

Given an m×n matrix A and a p×q matrix B, their Kronecker product C=A tensor B, also called their matrix direct product, is an (mp)×(nq) matrix with elements defined by ...

A pair of linear operators L and A associated with a given partial differential equation which can be used to solve the equation. However, it turns out to be very difficult ...

To fit a functional form y=Ae^(Bx), (1) take the logarithm of both sides lny=lnA+Bx. (2) The best-fit values are then a = ...

A fractal curve, also called the C-curve (Gosper 1972). The base curve and motif are illustrated below. Duvall and Keesling (1999) proved that the Hausdorff dimension of the ...

The roots of a semisimple Lie algebra g are the Lie algebra weights occurring in its adjoint representation. The set of roots form the root system, and are completely ...

In calculus, geometry, and plotting contexts, the term "linear function" means a function whose graph is a straight line, i.e., a polynomial function of degree 0 or 1. A ...

A link invariant defined for a two-component oriented link as the sum of +1 crossings and -1 crossing over all crossings between the two links divided by 2. For components ...