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Codimension is a term used in a number of algebraic and geometric contexts to indicate the difference between the dimension of certain objects and the dimension of a smaller ...

A curve whose name means "shell form." Let C be a curve and O a fixed point. Let P and P^' be points on a line from O to C meeting it at Q, where P^'Q=QP=k, with k a given ...

The Condon-Shortley phase is the factor of (-1)^m that occurs in some definitions of the spherical harmonics (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 682) to compensate for the lack of ...

A confidence interval is an interval in which a measurement or trial falls corresponding to a given probability. Usually, the confidence interval of interest is symmetrically ...

Conformal latitude is defined by chi = 2tan^(-1){tan(1/4pi+1/2phi)[(1-esinphi)/(1+esinphi)]^(e/2)}-1/2pi (1) = ...

Let E be a simply connected compact set in the complex plane. By the Riemann mapping theorem, there is a unique analytic function ...

Two elements alpha, beta of a field K, which is an extension field of a field F, are called conjugate (over F) if they are both algebraic over F and have the same minimal ...

A number which can be represented by a finite number of additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions, and finite square root extractions of integers. Such numbers ...

A Banach algebra A is called contractible if H^1(A,X)=Z^1(A,X)/B^1(A,X)=0 for all Banach A-bimodules X (Helemskii 1989, 1997). A C^*-algebra is contractible if and only if it ...

Given an affine variety V in the n-dimensional affine space K^n, where K is an algebraically closed field, the coordinate ring of V is the quotient ring ...