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The Thomson problem is to determine the stable equilibrium positions of n classical electrons constrained to move on the surface of a sphere and repelling each other by an ...

A nonlinear deconvolution technique used in deconvolving images from the Hubble Space Telescope before corrective optics were installed.

A matrix, also called a canonical box matrix, having zeros everywhere except along the diagonal and superdiagonal, with each element of the diagonal consisting of a single ...

A square matrix that is not singular, i.e., one that has a matrix inverse. Nonsingular matrices are sometimes also called regular matrices. A square matrix is nonsingular iff ...

An orthonormal set is a set of normalized orthogonal vectors or functions.

The quotient space K^__1A=K_1A/{0,[-1]} of the Whitehead group K_1A is known as the reduced Whitehead group. Here, the element [-1] in K_1A denotes the order-2 element ...

If W is a k-dimensional subspace of a vector space V with inner product <,>, then it is possible to project vectors from V to W. The most familiar projection is when W is the ...

An n×n complex matrix A is called indefinite if nonzero vectors x and y exist such that x^*Ax>0>y^*Ay, where x^* denotes the conjugate transpose. A matrix m may be tested to ...

A group in which the elements are square matrices, the group multiplication law is matrix multiplication, and the group inverse is simply the matrix inverse. Every matrix ...

A polynomial with matrix coefficients. An nth order matrix polynomial in a variable t is given by P(t)=A_0+A_1t+A_2t^2+...+A_nt^n, where A_k are p×p square matrices.