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Every nonempty set of positive integers contains a smallest member.

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_2phi_1(a,q^(-n);c;q,q)=(a^n(c/a,q)_n)/((a;q)_n), where _2phi_1(a,b;c;q,z) is a q-hypergeometric function.

The important binomial theorem states that sum_(k=0)^n(n; k)r^k=(1+r)^n. (1) Consider sums of powers of binomial coefficients a_n^((r)) = sum_(k=0)^(n)(n; k)^r (2) = ...

The divisor function sigma_k(n) for n an integer is defined as the sum of the kth powers of the (positive integer) divisors of n, sigma_k(n)=sum_(d|n)d^k. (1) It is ...

Hilbert's problems are a set of (originally) unsolved problems in mathematics proposed by Hilbert. Of the 23 total appearing in the printed address, ten were actually ...

A (-1,0,1)-matrix is a matrix whose elements consist only of the numbers -1, 0, or 1. The number of distinct (-1,0,1)-n×n matrices (counting row and column permutations, the ...

The minimal polynomial of an algebraic number zeta is the unique irreducible monic polynomial of smallest degree p(x) with rational coefficients such that p(zeta)=0 and whose ...

Archimedes' spiral is an Archimedean spiral with polar equation r=atheta. (1) This spiral was studied by Conon, and later by Archimedes in On Spirals about 225 BC. Archimedes ...

The Cayley-Menger determinant is a determinant that gives the volume of a simplex in j dimensions. If S is a j-simplex in R^n with vertices v_1,...,v_(j+1) and B=(beta_(ik)) ...