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For an integer n>=2, let lpf(n) denote the least prime factor of n. A pair of integers (x,y) is called a twin peak if 1. x<y, 2. lpf(x)=lpf(y), 3. For all z, x<z<y implies ...

The Young tableau (plural, "tableaux") of a Ferrers diagram is obtained by placing the numbers 1, ..., n in the n boxes of the diagram. A "standard" Young tableau is a Young ...

A two-dimensional affine geometry constructed over a finite field. For a field F of size n, the affine plane consists of the set of points which are ordered pairs of elements ...

An algebraic equation in n variables is an polynomial equation of the form f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=sum_(e_1,...,e_n)c_(e_1,e_2,...,e_n)x_1^(e_1)x_2^(e_2)...x_n^(e_n)=0, where the ...

Arc length is defined as the length along a curve, s=int_gamma|dl|, (1) where dl is a differential displacement vector along a curve gamma. For example, for a circle of ...

Informally, the term asymptotic means approaching a value or curve arbitrarily closely (i.e., as some sort of limit is taken). A line or curve A that is asymptotic to given ...

A bar (also called an overbar) is a horizontal line written above a mathematical symbol to give it some special meaning. If the bar is placed over a single symbol, as in x^_ ...

In homogeneous coordinates, the first positive quadrant joins (0,1) with (1,0) by "points" (f_1,f_2), and is mapped onto the hyperbolic line -infty<u<+infty by the ...

The Euclidean plane parametrized by coordinates, so that each point is located based on its position with respect to two perpendicular lines, called coordinate axes. They are ...

A Cevian is a line segment which joins a vertex of a triangle with a point on the opposite side (or its extension). The condition for three general Cevians from the three ...