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In one dimension, the interval [0,1] is the closed unit interval, the interval (0,1) is the open unit interval, and the intervals (0,1] and [0,1) are half-open unit intervals.

A Gröbner basis G for a system of polynomials A is an equivalence system that possesses useful properties, for example, that another polynomial f is a combination of those in ...

In two dimensions, there are two periodic circle packings for identical circles: square lattice and hexagonal lattice. In 1940, Fejes Tóth proved that the hexagonal lattice ...

Machin-like formulas have the form mcot^(-1)u+ncot^(-1)v=1/4kpi, (1) where u, v, and k are positive integers and m and n are nonnegative integers. Some such formulas can be ...

A point is a 0-dimensional mathematical object which can be specified in n-dimensional space using an n-tuple (x_1, x_2, ..., x_n) consisting of n coordinates. In dimensions ...

Two lines that lie on top of one another are called coincident lines.

A point, such as interior points of a disk, such that (px)(py)=[const], where p is the chord length.

Two objects which touch each other are said to be incident.

A geometric figure which touches only the sides (or interior) of another figure.

The locus of lines meeting three given skew lines. ("Regulus" is also the name of the brightest star in the constellation Leo.)