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A maximal irredundant set is an irredundant set that cannot be expanded to another irredundant set by addition of any vertex in the graph. Note that a maximal irredundant set ...

A lattice L is said to be oriented if there exists a rule which assigns a specified direction to any edge connecting arbitrary lattice points x_i,x_j in L. In that way, an ...

The Q-chromatic polynomial, introduced by Birkhoff and Lewis (1946) and termed the "Q-chromial" by Bari (1974), is an alternate form of the chromatic polynomial pi(x) defined ...

A scale-free network is a connected graph or network with the property that the number of links k originating from a given node exhibits a power law distribution ...

The upper domination number Gamma(G) of a graph G is the maximum size of a minimal dominating set of vertices in G. The (lower) domination number may be similarly defined as ...

The upper irredundance number IR(G) of a graph G is the maximum size of an irredundant set of vertices in G. It is therefore equal to the size of a maximum irredundant set as ...

The Minkowski metric, also called the Minkowski tensor or pseudo-Riemannian metric, is a tensor eta_(alphabeta) whose elements are defined by the matrix (eta)_(alphabeta)=[-1 ...

A weakly binary tree is a planted tree in which all nonroot graph vertices are adjacent to at most three graph vertices. Let g(z)=sum_(i=0)^inftyg_iz^i, (1) be the generating ...

A tripod is a tree having exactly three tree leaves (Pirnazar and Ullman 2002). The numbers of tripods on n=1, 2, ... vertices are 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, ...

Also called Chvátal's art gallery theorem. If the walls of an art gallery are made up of n straight line segments, then the entire gallery can always be supervised by |_n/3_| ...