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Pick two points at random in a circular sector of radius 1 and central angle theta, and consider the length s of the line joining them. The following table summarizes ...

For two lines in the plane with endpoints (x_1,x_2) and (x_3,x_4), the angle between them is given by costheta=((x_2-x_1)·(x_4-x_3))/(|x_2-x_1||x_4-x_3|). (1) The angle theta ...

The distance between two skew lines with equations x = x_1+(x_2-x_1)s (1) x = x_3+(x_4-x_3)t (2) is given by D=(|(x_3-x_1)·[(x_2-x_1)x(x_4-x_3)]|)/(|(x_2-x_1)x(x_4-x_3)|) (3) ...

The intersection of two lines L_1 and L_2 in two dimensions with, L_1 containing the points (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2), and L_2 containing the points (x_3,y_3) and (x_4,y_4), is ...

Given a unit circle, pick two points at random on its circumference, forming a chord. Without loss of generality, the first point can be taken as (1,0), and the second by ...

The common axis of the three altitude planes of a trihedron.

A curve in two dimensions on which the value of a function f(x,y) is a constant. Other synonymous terms are equipotential curve, isarithm, and isopleth. A plot of several ...

A curve on a surface whose tangents are always in the direction of principal curvature. The equation of the lines of curvature can be written |g_(11) g_(12) g_(22); b_(11) ...

The path of an object through phase space.

Given an n-ball B^n of radius R, find the distribution of the lengths s of the lines determined by two points chosen at random within the ball. The probability distribution ...