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An edge of a graph is said to be pendant if one of its vertices is a pendant vertex.

A vertex of a graph is said to be pendant if its neighborhood contains exactly one vertex.

A pair of vertices (x,y) of a graph G is called an omega-critical pair if omega(G+xy)>omega(G), where G+xy denotes the graph obtained by adding the edge xy to G and omega(H) ...

A local source is a node of a directed graph with no entering edges (Borowski and Borwein 1991, p. 401; left figure), and a global source (often simply called a source) is a ...

The real projective plane is the closed topological manifold, denoted RP^2, that is obtained by projecting the points of a plane E from a fixed point P (not on the plane), ...

The Euler-Gergonne-Soddy triangle is the right triangle DeltaZFlEv created by the pairwise intersections of the Euler line L_E, Soddy line L_S, and Gergonne line L_G. (The ...

A block is a maximal connected subgraph of a given graph G that has no articulation vertex (West 2000, p. 155). If a block has more than two vertices, then it is biconnected. ...

The set of all planes through a line. The line is sometimes called the axis of the sheaf, and the sheaf itself is sometimes called a pencil (Altshiller-Court 1979, p. 12; ...

The standard form of a line in the Cartesian plane is given by ax+by=c for real numbers a,b,c in R. This form can be derived from any of the other forms (point-slope form, ...

That portion of geometry dealing with figures in a plane, as opposed to solid geometry. Plane geometry deals with the circle, line, polygon, etc.