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The functional derivative is a generalization of the usual derivative that arises in the calculus of variations. In a functional derivative, instead of differentiating a ...

The probability that a random integer between 1 and x will have its greatest prime factor <=x^alpha approaches a limiting value F(alpha) as x->infty, where F(alpha)=1 for ...

Bürmann's theorem deals with the expansion of functions in powers of another function. Let phi(z) be a function of z which is analytic in a closed region S, of which a is an ...

A method for numerical solution of a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')=f(x,y) first expounded by Gauss. It proceeds by introducing a function delta^(-2)f ...

The wave equation in oblate spheroidal coordinates is del ^2Phi+k^2Phi=partial/(partialxi_1)[(xi_1^2+1)(partialPhi)/(partialxi_1)] ...

A system of curvilinear coordinates. There are several different conventions for the orientation and designation of these coordinates. Arfken (1970) defines coordinates ...

The solutions to the Riemann P-differential equation are known as the Riemann P-series, or sometimes the Riemann P-function, given by u(z)=P{a b c; alpha beta gamma; alpha^' ...

A cusp catastrophe is a catastrophe which can occur for two control factors and one behavior axis. The cusp catastrophe is the universal unfolding of the singularity f(x)=x^4 ...

The equations defined by q^. = (partialH)/(partialp) (1) p^. = -(partialH)/(partialq), (2) where p^.=dp/dt and q^.=dq/dt is fluxion notation and H is the so-called ...

Consider a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+P(x)y^'+Q(x)y=0. If P(x) and Q(x) remain finite at x=x_0, then x_0 is called an ordinary point. If either P(x) ...