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The orthogonal complement of a subspace V of the vector space R^n is the set of vectors which are orthogonal to all elements of V. For example, the orthogonal complement of ...

An orthonormal set is a set of normalized orthogonal vectors or functions.

PEMDAS is an acronym used primarily in the United States as a mechanism to pedagogically enforce the order rules of computational precedence. PEMDAS is explained as follows: ...

The pedal circle with respect to a pedal point P of a triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3 is the circumcircle of the pedal triangle DeltaP_1P_2P_3 with respect to P. Amazingly, the ...

In functional analysis, the term "Poincaré-Friedrichs inequality" is a term used to describe inequalities which are qualitatively similar to the classical Poincaré Inequality ...

The signature of a non-degenerate quadratic form Q=y_1^2+y_2^2+...+y_p^2-y_(p+1)^2-y_(p+2)^2-...-y_r^2 of rank r is most often defined to be the ordered pair (p,q)=(p,r-p) of ...

Suppose that V={(x_1,x_2,x_3)} and W={(x_1,0,0)}. Then the quotient space V/W (read as "V mod W") is isomorphic to {(x_2,x_3)}=R^2. In general, when W is a subspace of a ...

A recurrence plot is defined as a plot of the quantity R(t,tau)=H(epsilon-||f(t)-f(tau)||), where H(x) is the Heaviside step function and ||f|| denotes a norm. A recurrence ...

Let a sequence be defined by A_(-1) = s (1) A_0 = 3 (2) A_1 = r (3) A_n = rA_(n-1)-sA_(n-2)+A_(n-3). (4) Also define the associated polynomial f(x)=x^3-rx^2+sx+1, (5) and let ...

A Redheffer matrix is a square (0,1)-matrix with elements a_(ij) equal to 1 if j=1 or i|j (i divides j), and 0 otherwise. For n=1, 2, ..., the first few Redheffer matrices ...