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A number D that possesses no common divisor with a prime number p is either a quadratic residue or nonresidue of p, depending whether D^((p-1)/2) is congruent mod p to +/-1.

A line segment connecting nonadjacent polyhedron vertices sharing a common face in a parallelepiped or other similar solid.

A curve consisting of two mirror-reversed intersecting crescents (lunes). This curve can be traced unicursally. The region common to both crescents is a lens.

A pyritohedron is an irregular dodecahedron composed of identical irregular pentagons. The name "pyritohedron" derives from that fact that a common crystal form in pyrite has ...

The Reeb foliation of the hypersphere S^3 is a foliation constructed as the union of two solid tori with common boundary.

The small world problem asks for the probability that two people picked at random have at least one acquaintance in common.

A dot placed under a symbol to indicate a dummy variable, e.g., c_._1 (Comtet 1974, p. 32). This notation, however, is not very common.

Eigenvectors are a special set of vectors associated with a linear system of equations (i.e., a matrix equation) that are sometimes also known as characteristic vectors, ...

Landau's function g(n) is the maximum order of an element in the symmetric group S_n. The value g(n) is given by the largest least common multiple of all partitions of the ...

The cube-octahedron 5-compound is a polyhedron compound of the cube 5-compound and its dual, the octahedron 5-compound. It will be implemented in a future version of the ...