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Let there be n>=2 integers 0<a_1<...<a_n with GCD(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)=1. The values a_i represent the denominations of n different coins, where these denominations have greatest ...

The number of equivalent hyperspheres in n dimensions which can touch an equivalent hypersphere without any intersections, also sometimes called the Newton number, contact ...

A decagon is a ten-sided polygon. Several special types of decagons are illustrated above. In particular, a decagon with vertices equally spaced around a circle and with all ...

A heptagon is a seven-sided polygon. It is also sometimes called a septagon, though this usage mixes a Latin prefix sept- (derived from septua-, meaning "seven") with the ...

Am octagonal prims is a prism composed of octagonal faces. The regular right octagonal prism of unit edge length has surface area and volume S = 4(3+sqrt(2)) (1) V = ...

A pentagon is a five-sided polygon. Several special types of pentagons are illustrated above. In particular, a pentagon with vertices equally spaced around a circle and with ...

cos(pi/8) = 1/2sqrt(2+sqrt(2)) (1) cos((3pi)/8) = 1/2sqrt(2-sqrt(2)) (2) cot(pi/8) = 1+sqrt(2) (3) cot((3pi)/8) = sqrt(2)-1 (4) csc(pi/8) = sqrt(4+2sqrt(2)) (5) csc((3pi)/8) ...

The Smarandache function mu(n) is the function first considered by Lucas (1883), Neuberg (1887), and Kempner (1918) and subsequently rediscovered by Smarandache (1980) that ...

The probability that a random integer between 1 and x will have its greatest prime factor <=x^alpha approaches a limiting value F(alpha) as x->infty, where F(alpha)=1 for ...

A Proth number that is prime, i.e., a number of the form N=k·2^n+1 for odd k, n a positive integer, and 2^n>k. Factors of Fermat numbers are of this form as long as they ...