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The principal branch of an analytic multivalued function, also called a principal sheet, is a single-valued "slice" (i.e., branch) of the function chosen that is for ...

A principle that was first enunciated by Jakob Bernoulli which states that if we are ignorant of the ways an event can occur (and therefore have no reason to believe that one ...

An auxiliary latitude which gives a sphere having correct distances along the meridians. It is denoted mu (or omega) and is given by mu=(piM)/(2M_p). (1) M_p is evaluated for ...

The q-digamma function psi_q(z), also denoted psi_q^((0))(z), is defined as psi_q(z)=1/(Gamma_q(z))(partialGamma_q(z))/(partialz), (1) where Gamma_q(z) is the q-gamma ...

The pedal curve of an ellipse with parametric equations x = acost (1) y = bsint (2) and pedal point (x_0,y_0) is given by f = ...

The pedal curve of a rectangular hyperbola with the pedal point at the focus is a circle (left figure; Hilbert and Cohn-Vossen 1999, p. 26). The pedal curve of a rectangular ...

The arc length of the parabolic segment y=h(1-(x^2)/(a^2)) (1) illustrated above is given by s = int_(-a)^asqrt(1+y^('2))dx (2) = 2int_0^asqrt(1+y^('2))dx (3) = ...

By analogy with the squircle, a term first apparently used by Fernández Guasti et al. (2005), the term "rectellipse" (used here for the first time) is a natural ...

A toric section is a curve obtained by slicing a torus (generally a horn torus) with a plane. A spiric section is a special case of a toric section in which the slicing plane ...

Let L(x) denote the Rogers L-function defined in terms of the usual dilogarithm by L(x) = 6/(pi^2)[Li_2(x)+1/2lnxln(1-x)] (1) = ...