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The functions theta_s(u) = (H(u))/(H^'(0)) (1) theta_d(u) = (Theta(u+K))/(Theta(k)) (2) theta_c(u) = (H(u))/(H(K)) (3) theta_n(u) = (Theta(u))/(Theta(0)), (4) where H(u) and ...

A paradox in decision theory. Given two boxes, B1 which contains $1000 and B2 which contains either nothing or a million dollars, you may pick either B2 or both. However, at ...

Samuel Pepys wrote Isaac Newton a long letter asking him to determine the probabilities for a set of dice rolls related to a wager he planned to make. Pepys asked which was ...

A vector field X on a compact foliated manifold (M,F) is nice if X is transverse to F and if X has a closed orbit C (called a nice orbit) such that the intersection C ...

Let J_nu(z) be a Bessel function of the first kind, Y_nu(z) a Bessel function of the second kind, and K_nu(z) a modified Bessel function of the first kind. Then ...

A generalization of the polylogarithm function defined by S_(n,p)(z)=((-1)^(n+p-1))/((n-1)!p!)int_0^1((lnt)^(n-1)[ln(1-zt)]^p)/tdt. The function reduces to the usual ...

Nielsen's spiral, also called the sici spiral (von Seggern 1993) is the spiral with parametric equations x(t) = aci(t) (1) y(t) = asi(t), (2) where ci(t) is the cosine ...

A Lie algebra is nilpotent when its Lie algebra lower central series g_k vanishes for some k. Any nilpotent Lie algebra is also solvable. The basic example of a nilpotent Lie ...

A nilpotent Lie group is a Lie group G which is connected and whose Lie algebra is a nilpotent Lie algebra g. That is, its Lie algebra lower central series ...

A diagram lemma also known as 3×3 lemma. According to its most general statement, the commutative diagram illustrated above with exact rows and columns can be completed by ...