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A normal series of a group G is a finite sequence (A_0,...,A_r) of normal subgroups such that I=A_0<|A_1<|...<|A_r=G.

Numerical integration is the approximate computation of an integral using numerical techniques. The numerical computation of an integral is sometimes called quadrature. ...

The letter O is used for a number of different purposes in mathematics. The double-struck O is sometimes used to represent octonions. The symbols O(x) (sometimes called the ...

Obstruction theory studies the extensibility of maps using algebraic gadgets. While the terminology rapidly becomes technical and convoluted (as Iyanaga and Kawada (1980) ...

An angle greater than pi/2 radians (90 degrees) and less than pi radians (180 degrees).

An 18-sided polygon, sometimes also called an octakaidecagon.

An octagon is an eight-sided polygon. Several special types of octagons are illustrated above. In particular, an octagon with vertices equally spaced around a circle and with ...

An octic curve is an algebraic curve of order eight. The pear curve is an example of an octic curve.

An odd chordless cycle is a chordless cycle of length >4. A graph is said to be perfect iff neither the graph G nor its graph complement G^_ has an odd chordless cycle. A ...

A graph vertex in a graph is said to be an odd node if its vertex degree is odd.