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Given the statement "if P, then Q," or P=>Q, the converse is "if Q, then P." For example, the converse of "If a thing is a dog then it is a mammal" is "If a thing is a mammal ...

A disjunctive syllogism is a valid argument form in propositional calculus, where p and q are propositions: (p v q; ¬p)/(∴q). For example, if someone is going to study law or ...

Let G be a group and theta n permutation of G. Then theta is an orthomorphism of G if the self-mapping nu of G defined by nu(x)=x^(-1)theta(x) is also an permutation of G.

If J is a simple closed curve in R^2, the closure of one of the components of R^2-J is homeomorphic with the unit 2-ball. This theorem may be proved using the Riemann mapping ...

A t-(v,k,lambda) block design (abbreviated t-design) is an incidence structure of points and blocks such that the following hold: 1. There are v points, 2. Each block ...

Quantifier elimination is the removal of all quantifiers (the universal quantifier forall and existential quantifier exists ) from a quantified system. A first-order theory ...

There are two types of singular values, one in the context of elliptic integrals, and the other in linear algebra. For a square matrix A, the square roots of the eigenvalues ...

Given two normal subgroups G_1 and G_2 of a group, and two normal subgroups H_1 and H_2 of G_1 and G_2 respectively, H_1(G_1 intersection H_2) is normal in H_1(G_1 ...

Contour integration is the process of calculating the values of a contour integral around a given contour in the complex plane. As a result of a truly amazing property of ...

A root-finding algorithm used in LU decomposition. It solves the N^2 equations i<j l_(i1)u_(1j)+l_(i2)u_(2j)+...+l_(ii)u_(ij)=a_(ij)i=j ...