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A group whose group operation is identified with multiplication. As with normal multiplication, the multiplication operation on group elements is either denoted by a raised ...

A vector space possessing a norm.

A mathematical structure (e.g., a group, vector space, or smooth manifold) in a category.

Euclidean n-space is denoted R^n.

A square matrix U is a unitary matrix if U^(H)=U^(-1), (1) where U^(H) denotes the conjugate transpose and U^(-1) is the matrix inverse. For example, A=[2^(-1/2) 2^(-1/2) 0; ...

Vector subtraction is the process of taking a vector difference, and is the inverse operation to vector addition.

The Ablowitz-Ramani-Segur conjecture states that a nonlinear partial differential equation is solvable by the inverse scattering method only if every nonlinear ordinary ...

A Bäcklund transformation allows additional solutions to a nonlinear partial differential equations to be found if one particular solution is already known.

A map is called bijective if it is both injective and surjective. A bijective map is also called a bijection. A function f admits an inverse f^(-1) (i.e., "f is invertible") ...

A confidence interval is an interval in which a measurement or trial falls corresponding to a given probability. Usually, the confidence interval of interest is symmetrically ...