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Lehmer (1938) showed that every positive irrational number x has a unique infinite continued cotangent representation of the form x=cot[sum_(k=0)^infty(-1)^kcot^(-1)b_k], (1) ...

The Lehmer cotangent expansion for which the convergence is slowest occurs when the inequality in the recurrence equation b_k>=b_(k-1)^2+b_(k-1)+1. (1) for ...

A Maclaurin series is a Taylor series expansion of a function about 0, (1) Maclaurin series are named after the Scottish mathematician Colin Maclaurin. The Maclaurin series ...

Matrix diagonalization is the process of taking a square matrix and converting it into a special type of matrix--a so-called diagonal matrix--that shares the same fundamental ...

A maximal clique is a clique that cannot be extended by including one more adjacent vertex, meaning it is not a subset of a larger clique. A maximum clique (i.e., clique of ...

The Mellin transform is the integral transform defined by phi(z) = int_0^inftyt^(z-1)f(t)dt (1) f(t) = 1/(2pii)int_(c-iinfty)^(c+iinfty)t^(-z)phi(z)dz. (2) It is implemented ...

There are two different definitions of the mid-arc points. The mid-arc points M_(AB), M_(AC), and M_(BC) of a triangle DeltaABC as defined by Johnson (1929) are the points on ...

The term "parameter" is used in a number of ways in mathematics. In general, mathematical functions may have a number of arguments. Arguments that are typically varied when ...

A permutation group is a finite group G whose elements are permutations of a given set and whose group operation is composition of permutations in G. Permutation groups have ...

A space-filling function which maps a one-dimensional interval into a two-dimensional area. Plane-filling functions were thought to be impossible until Hilbert discovered the ...