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The backward difference is a finite difference defined by del _p=del f_p=f_p-f_(p-1). (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the backward ...

The Behrmann cylindrical equal-area projection is a cylindrical equal-area projection with a standard parallel of phi_s=30 degrees.

A point B is said to lie between points A and C (where A, B, and C are distinct collinear points) if AB+BC=AC. A number of Euclid's proofs depend on the idea of betweenness ...

Given a complex Hilbert space H with associated space L(H) of continuous linear operators from H to itself, the bicommutant M^('') of an arbitrary subset M subset= L(H) is ...

The Bonne projection is a map projection that resembles the shape of a heart. Let phi_1 be the standard parallel, lambda_0 the central meridian, phi be the latitude, and ...

As defined by Kyrmse, a canonical polygon is a closed polygon whose vertices lie on a point lattice and whose edges consist of vertical and horizontal steps of unit length or ...

The problem of finding the number of different ways in which a product of n different ordered factors can be calculated by pairs (i.e., the number of binary bracketings of n ...

A special point which usually has some symmetric placement with respect to points on a curve or in a solid. The center of a circle is equidistant from all points on the ...

A chamfered polyhedron, also known as an egde-truncated polyhedron, is a polyhedron constructed from an original polyhedron by moving faces outward while retaining the ...

A description of an object by properties that are different from those mentioned in its definition, but are equivalent to them. The following list gives a number of examples. ...