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A spherical harmonic of the form sin(mphi)P_m^m(costheta) or cos(mphi)P_m^m(costheta).

When the elliptic modulus k has a singular value, the complete elliptic integrals may be computed in analytic form in terms of gamma functions. Abel (quoted in Whittaker and ...

Some interesting properties (as well as a few arcane ones not reiterated here) of the number 239 are discussed in Schroeppel (1972). 239 appears in Machin's formula ...

A two-dimensional affine geometry constructed over a finite field. For a field F of size n, the affine plane consists of the set of points which are ordered pairs of elements ...

Let P be the set of prime ideals of a commutative ring A. Then an affine scheme is a technical mathematical object defined as the ring spectrum sigma(A) of P, regarded as a ...

Let V be a vector space over a field K, and let A be a nonempty set. Now define addition p+a in A for any vector a in V and element p in A subject to the conditions: 1. ...

Let phi_0 be the latitude for the origin of the Cartesian coordinates and lambda_0 its longitude, and let phi_1 and phi_2 be the standard parallels. Then for a unit sphere, ...

The arithmetic-geometric index of a graph is defined as half the sum of the matrix elements of its arithmetic-geometric matrix.

A parametric latitude which gives a sphere equal surface area relative to an ellipsoid. The authalic latitude is defined by beta=sin^(-1)(q/(q_p)), (1) where ...

A method which can be used to solve some classes of integral equations and is especially useful in implementing certain types of data inversion. It has been applied to invert ...