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A sequence {a_n}_(n=1)^N forms a (binary) heap if it satisfies a_(|_j/2_|)<=a_j for 2<=j<=N, where |_x_| is the floor function, which is equivalent to a_i<a_(2i) and ...

The hyperbolic cosine is defined as coshz=1/2(e^z+e^(-z)). (1) The notation chx is sometimes also used (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. xxix). This function describes the ...

The inverse hyperbolic cotangent coth^(-1)z (Beyer 1987, p. 181; Zwillinger 1995, p. 481), sometimes called the area hyperbolic cotangent (Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 267), ...

The inverse hyperbolic tangent tanh^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 481; Beyer 1987, p. 181), sometimes called the area hyperbolic tangent (Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 267), is ...

The Jacobsthal numbers are the numbers obtained by the U_ns in the Lucas sequence with P=1 and Q=-2, corresponding to a=2 and b=-1. They and the Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers (the ...

The Kakeya needle problems asks for the plane figure of least area in which a line segment of width 1 can be freely rotated (where translation of the segment is also ...

The numerical value of Khinchin's constant K is given by K=2.685452001... (OEIS A002210). However, the numerical value of K is notoriously difficult to calculate to high ...

A Laman graph is a graph satisfying Laman's theorem. In other words, it is a graph G have exactly 2n-3 graph edges, where n is the number of graph vertices in G and for which ...

A k×n Latin rectangle is a k×n matrix with elements a_(ij) in {1,2,...,n} such that entries in each row and column are distinct. If k=n, the special case of a Latin square ...

There are two sets of constants that are commonly known as Lebesgue constants. The first is related to approximation of function via Fourier series, which the other arises in ...