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An n-step Lucas sequence {L_k^((n))}_(k=1)^infty is defined by letting L_k^((n))=-1 for k<0, L_0^((n))=n, and other terms according to the linear recurrence equation ...

A method for computing the prime counting function. Define the function T_k(x,a)=(-1)^(beta_0+beta_1+...+beta_(a-1))|_x/(p_1^(beta_0)p_2^(beta_1)...p_a^(beta_(a-1)))_|, (1) ...

The "mathematical paradigm" is a term that may be applied to the fundamental idea that events in the world can be described by mathematical equations, and that solutions to ...

Nonhomogeneous matrix equations of the form Ax=b (1) can be solved by taking the matrix inverse to obtain x=A^(-1)b. (2) This equation will have a nontrivial solution iff the ...

A maximally nonhamiltonian graph is a nonhamiltonian graph G for which G+e is Hamiltonian for each edge e in the graph complement of G^_, i.e., every two nonadjacent vertices ...

Maximum likelihood, also called the maximum likelihood method, is the procedure of finding the value of one or more parameters for a given statistic which makes the known ...

The Maxwell (or Maxwell-Boltzmann) distribution gives the distribution of speeds of molecules in thermal equilibrium as given by statistical mechanics. Defining a=sqrt(kT/m), ...

Maxwell's equations are the system of partial differential equations describing classical electromagnetism and therefore of central importance in physics. In the so-called ...

A variable x is memoryless with respect to t if, for all s with t!=0, P(x>s+t|x>t)=P(x>s). (1) Equivalently, (P(x>s+t,x>t))/(P(x>t)) = P(x>s) (2) P(x>s+t) = P(x>s)P(x>t). (3) ...

A metric space is a set S with a global distance function (the metric g) that, for every two points x,y in S, gives the distance between them as a nonnegative real number ...