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Amazingly, the distribution of a sum of two normally distributed independent variates X and Y with means and variances (mu_x,sigma_x^2) and (mu_y,sigma_y^2), respectively is ...

Let T be a linear operator on a separable Hilbert space. The spectrum sigma(T) of T is the set of lambda such that (T-lambdaI) is not invertible on all of the Hilbert space, ...

Given a set X, a set function mu^*:2^X->[0,infty] is said to be an outer measure provided that mu^*(emptyset)=0 and that mu^* is countably monotone, where emptyset is the ...

Overdamped simple harmonic motion is a special case of damped simple harmonic motion x^..+betax^.+omega_0^2x=0, (1) in which beta^2-4omega_0^2>0. (2) Therefore ...

The arc length of the parabolic segment y=h(1-(x^2)/(a^2)) (1) illustrated above is given by s = int_(-a)^asqrt(1+y^('2))dx (2) = 2int_0^asqrt(1+y^('2))dx (3) = ...

A square which can be dissected into a number of smaller squares with no two equal is called a perfect square dissection (or a squared square). Square dissections in which ...

The representation, beloved of engineers and physicists, of a complex number in terms of a complex exponential x+iy=|z|e^(iphi), (1) where i (called j by engineers) is the ...

A chart made by plotting the numeric values of a set of quantities as a set of adjacent circular wedges with arc lengths proportional to the total amount. All wedges taken ...

A planar embedding, also called a "plane graph" (Harary 1994, p. 103; Harborth and Möller 1994), "planar drawing," or "plane drawing," of a planar graph is an embedding in ...

Let chi be a nonprincipal number theoretic character over Z/Zn. Then for any integer h, |sum_(x=1)^hchi(x)|<=2sqrt(n)lnn.