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An efficient version of the Walsh transform that requires O(nlnn) operations instead of the n^2 required for a direct Walsh transform (Wolfram 2002, p. 1072).

If {f_n} is a sequence of nonnegative measurable functions, then intlim inf_(n->infty)f_ndmu<=lim inf_(n->infty)intf_ndmu. (1) An example of a sequence of functions for which ...

A self-avoiding polygon containing three corners of its minimal bounding rectangle. The anisotropic area and perimeter generating function G(x,y) and partial generating ...

A fibered category F over a topological space X consists of 1. a category F(U) for each open subset U subset= X, 2. a functor i^*:F(U)->F(V) for each inclusion i:V↪U, and 3. ...

The eigenvector corresponding to the second smallest eigenvalue (i.e., the algebraic connectivity) of the Laplacian matrix of a graph G. The Fiedler vector is used in ...

A golden rhombus is a rhombus whose diagonals are in the ratio p/q=phi, where phi is the golden ratio. The faces of the acute golden rhombohedron, Bilinski dodecahedron, ...

An n-mark Golomb ruler is a set of n distinct nonnegative integers (a_1,a_2,...,a_n), called "marks," such that the positive differences |a_i-a_j|, computed over all possible ...

The upper central series of a group G is the sequence of groups (each term normal in the term following it) 1=Z_0<=Z_1<=Z_2<=...<=Z_n<=... that is constructed in the ...

It is always possible to write a sum of sinusoidal functions f(theta)=acostheta+bsintheta (1) as a single sinusoid the form f(theta)=ccos(theta+delta). (2) This can be done ...

A partial differential diffusion equation of the form (partialU)/(partialt)=kappadel ^2U. (1) Physically, the equation commonly arises in situations where kappa is the ...